Overview
Tesamorelin (brand name Egrifta) is a synthetic analog of human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). It is one of the few growth hormone-related peptides to receive FDA approval, specifically for the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy in 2010.
FDA-Approved Indication
Tesamorelin is approved for the reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy. This condition causes abnormal fat distribution, particularly accumulation of visceral fat, as a side effect of antiretroviral therapy.
Mechanism of Action
Tesamorelin stimulates growth hormone release by binding to GHRH receptors in the pituitary gland. This leads to:
- Increased endogenous GH secretion
- Elevated IGF-1 levels
- Reduction in trunk fat
- Improved lipid profiles
Clinical Efficacy
Clinical trials demonstrated:
- Significant reduction in trunk fat (approximately 15-18%)
- Improvements in patient body image perception
- Favorable effects on lipid parameters
Administration
Tesamorelin is administered via daily subcutaneous injection, typically in the abdomen. It is available only by prescription for its approved indication.
Side Effects
Common side effects include:
- Injection site reactions
- Arthralgia (joint pain)
- Peripheral edema
- Myalgia (muscle pain)
Research Status
Beyond its approved use, tesamorelin continues to be studied for potential applications in other conditions involving growth hormone deficiency or metabolic dysfunction.